De la resiliencia a las estrategias de afrontamiento: diferencias de género en adolescentes sicilianos

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Elisabetta Sagone
Maria Luisa Indiana

Resumen

El objetivo de esta investigación es examinar la autoeficacia en habilidades para la vida, el bienestar psicológico, las estrategias de afrontamiento y la resiliencia en una muestra de 566 adolescentes sicilianos entre 14 y 19 años (338 niños y 228 niñas). Instrumentos: 1) Autoeficacia en Escalas de Habilidades para la Vida (Sagone y Indiana, 2017) para analizar la capacidad de resolución de problemas, capacidad de comunicación interpersonal y social, y manejo de emociones positivas y negativas; 2) Escala de bienestar psicológico (Zani y Cicognani, 1999); 3) Coping Orientation to the Problems Experienced-NVI (Foà et al., 2015); 4) Escala de Dispositional Resiliencia (Prati, 2010; Sagone y De Caroli, 2014) con las dimensiones de rigidez, alienación y actitudes positivas. Los resultados indicaron que los niños obtienen puntuaciones más altas en autoeficacia en habilidades para la vida que las niñas, percibiéndose a sí mismos como altamente eficientes en el manejo de emociones negativas y en el bienestar psicológico, expresando un alto dominio ambiental, alta auto-aceptación, y relaciones positivascon los demás. Con referencia a las estrategias de afrontamiento, los niños tienden a utilizar principalmente la orientación haciael problema. Por último,en lo que respecta a la resiliencia, los niños muestran actitudes más positivas y más rigidez que las niñas, mientras que las niñas expresan una mayor alienación que los niños. Las futuras investigaciones se centrarán en la promoción de acciones educativas útiles para mejorar los perfiles psicológicos de los adolescentes, con especial atención al empoderamiento de las dimensiones psicológicas deficientes que surgieron principalmente en el grupo de las adolescentes.

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Sagone, E., & Indiana, M. L. (2022). De la resiliencia a las estrategias de afrontamiento: diferencias de género en adolescentes sicilianos. Revista INFAD De Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology., 2(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2022.n1.v2.2311
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