Intolerância à incerteza nos transtornos alimentares: revisão narrativa
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A intolerância à incerteza (II) refere-se às respostas cognitivas, comportamentais e emocionais a eventos experienciados como incertos, independentemente da probabilidade dos desfechos. Nos transtornos alimentares (TA) ainda há de ser esclarecida a distinção entre II específica ao transtorno, traço de II e quadro sintomatológico nos TA. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar a intolerância à incerteza nos TA. Na revisão narrativa foram buscados estudos publicados entre 2018 e 2021 nas bases PsychINFO, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico. A análise dos 15 artigos indicou associação entre II e restrição alimentar; sensação de “perda de controle”, alterações na imagem corporal e desregulação emocional. Não há associação com sintomas relacionados a exercícios físicos, compulsão alimentar ou purgação. São traços de personalidade relacionados à II: desejo de previsibilidade; rigidez; neuroticismo; traço obsessivo-compulsivo; perfeccionismo desadaptativo e estilo evitativo de resolução de problemas sociais. Sugere-se que a abordagem terapêutica específica para II tenha impacto em condições de risco de TA; no controle da resposta emocional que intensifica sintomas da patologia existente e na melhora clínica em quadros de comorbidade com transtornos de personalidade.
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