Alcohol consumption among Spanish adolescents. How do the outcome expectations influence?
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Abstract
According to the Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education (ESO) in Spain (Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs, 2021), the mean age at on set of alcohol consumption in Spain is 14 years old. In addition, the prevalence of alcohol consumption among adolescents is 73.9%. The alcohol consumption can have long-term harmful effects and increase the likelihood of developing a dependence on this type of substance during adulthood. In accordance with scientific literature, one of the factors underlying the high alcohol consumption would be the positive expectancies towards the consequences of consuming alcohol. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the predictive capacity of expectancies towards alcohol consumption in a group of Spanish adolescents. A total of 125 adolescents between 13 and 17 years old (M=14.69; SD=0.75) were administered the Cuestionario de expectativas hacia el alcohol (Pilatti et al., 2010) and an ad hoc questionnaire to assess the characteristics of alcohol consumption. Expectancies towards alcohol consumption explained 14.1% of consumption (Nagelkerke’s R2=.141). Based on the model, positive expectancies (sociability, relaxation and sexuality) would increase the risk of alcohol consumption (Wald=11.66; p=<.001; OR=53.70). Negative expectancies (aggressiveness, cognitive and behavioural impaired and negative states) would act as a protective factor against consumption (Wald=5.21; p=.022; OR=0.15). Considering the influence of expectancies towards alcohol on consumption, the design of preventive strategies aimed at developing psychological resources that allow adolescents to achieve the positive effects that associate with alcohol consumption without the need to consume it is especially relevant.
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