Family functionality: relationship with the degree of nicotine dependence
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Relationships between individuals are built throughout the life cycle, influence the functionality of the family, and are relevant to the unity of members and the function of any family. In this way, good family functionality (FF) promotes the maintenance and physical-psychological integrity of family members, ensuring well-being and health promoting lifestyles. Objective: To analyze the relationship between FF and the degree of nicotine dependence. Methodology: This is a descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, in which 364 users of a Family Health Unit (FHU) in northern Portugal participated. In data collection, we used an online questionnaire, and the data resulting from its application were processed using SPSS 29.0 software, using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Of the total sample (n= 364), the majority of responding users, members of a family, were female (69.0%), belonged to the 34-44 age group (62.4%), held marital status was married (63.7%) and had higher education as educational qualifications (60.7%). The majority of the sample perceived their family to be highly functional (76.4%), of which 21.2% were tobacco users and the largest group of these users (n=77) was classified as having a Very Low degree of nicotine dependence. (36.4%). There were no statistically significant differences between the FF score and the degree of nicotine dependence (Kruskal-Wallis: p ≥ 0.127). Conclusions: The majority of users perceivethat they havea highlyfunctional family, with the majority of the sample being classified as Very Low and Low levels of nicotine dependence. There is no relationship between the perception of FF and the degree of nicotine dependence. However, there are some families with a perception of severe dysfunction that it is necessary to monitor and promote interventions to improve FF.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
References
Agostinho, M., & Rebelo, L. (1988). Família: Do conceito aos meios de comunicação. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública, 5, 18-21
American Psychiatric Association. (1998). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author. https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/suppl/10.1176/ajp.2021.178.issue-10/suppl_file/front.pdf
Balsa, C., Vital, C., & Urbano, C. (2018). IV Inquérito Nacional ao Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas na População Geral, Portugal 2016/17 (SICAD - Serviço de Intervenção nos Comportamentos Aditivos e nas Dependências (ed.). https://www.sicad.pt/BK/20anosENLCD/Documents/publicacoes/IV INPG2016_17_PT.pdf
Balsa, C., Vital, C., & Urbano, C. (2023). V Inquérito Nacional ao Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas na População Geral, Portugal 2022 (SICAD - Serviço de Intervenção nos Comportamentos Aditivos e nas Dependências (ed.). https://www.sicad.pt/BK/Documents/2023/CICSNOVA_INPG_2023.pdf
Castaño Castrillón, J. J., & Páez Cala, M. L. (2019). Funcionalidad familiar y tendencias adictivas a internet y a sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes universitarios. Universidad de Manizales. https://www.redalyc.org/journal/213/21363396003/21363396003.pdf
Crisóstomo, Y. M., Rivas-Acuña, V., González-Suárez, M., Hernández Ramírez, G., & Victorino-Barra, A. (2018). Funcionalidade e satisfação familiar no consumo de álcool e tabaco em adolescentes. Health and Addictions, 18(2), 195-205. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326737885_Funcionalidad_y_satisfaccion_familiar_en_el_consumo_de_alcohol_y_tabaco_en_los_adolescentes
Decreto-Lei n.º 118/2014, de 5 de agosto. Diário da República, 1ª série - Nº 149. https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/118-2014-55076561
Direção-Geral da Saúde. (2021). Programa Nacional para a Prevenção e Controlo do Tabagismo https://www.sns.gov.pt/institucional/programas-de-saude-prioritarios/programa-nacional-para-a-prevencao-e-controlo-do-tabagismo/
Direção-Geral da Saúde. (2022). Plano Nacional de Saúde 2021-2030 - Saúde Sustentável: de tod@s para tod@s. https://www.sns.gov.pt/noticias/2022/04/08/plano-nacional-de-saude-2021-2030-2/
Dunst, C. J., Trivette, C. M., & Deal, A. G. (1988). Enabling and Empowering Families: Principles and Guidelines for Practice. Brookline Books.
Epstein, N. B., Baldwin, L. M., & Bishop, D. S. (1983). The McMaster family assessment device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 9(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.1983.tb01497.x
Ferreira, P. L., Quintal, C., Lopes, I., & Taveira, N. (2009). Teste de dependência à nicotina: validação linguística e psicométrica do teste de Fagerström. Revista de Saúde Pública, julho
Ferreira, Y. C. F., Santos, L. F., Brito, T. R. P., Rezende, F. A. C., Silva Neto, L. S., Osório, N. B., & Nunes, D. P. (2019). Funcionalidade familiar e sua relação com fatores biopsicossociais.Revista Humanidades &Inovação, 6(11), 159-168.
Figueiredo, M. H. (2012). Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar. Lusociência.
Garcia, M., Lopez, M., & Rodriguez, J. (2020). Smoking in nursing students: A prevalence multicenter study. Revista de Saúde Pública. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340382013
Guo, Y., Liu, D., Wang, Y., Huang, M.,Jiang, N., Hou, Q., Feng, B., Wu, W., Wu, Y., Qi, F., & Sun, X. (2023). Family functioning and nicotine dependence among smoking fathers: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health,23, 15475. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15475-4
Instituto Nacional de Estatística. (2020). Inquérito Nacional de Saúde:“Há menos fumadores, mas aumentou o consumo arriscado de bebidas alcoólicas – 2019”. https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmainxpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=414436388&DESTAQUESmodo=2&xlang=pt
Lim, K. H., Yun, Y. X., Cheong, Y. L., Sulaiman, N., Mahadzir, M. E., Lim, J. H., & Hashim, M. H. M. (2023). Construct validity and reliability of the Malay version of the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND): A confirmatory factor analysis. Tabacco Induced Diseases, 21(12). https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/161624
Littlecott, H. J., Moore, G. F., Evans, R. E., Melendez-Torres, G. J., McCann, M., Reed, H., Mann, M., Dobbie, F., Jennings, S., Donaldson, C., & Hawkins, J. (2023). Perceptions of friendship, peers and influence on adolescent smoking according to tobacco control context: A systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative research. BMC Public Health, 23, Article 424. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14727-z
Ministério da Saúde. (2023). USF Corgo. https://bicsp.min-saude.pt/pt/Paginas/default.aspx
Moos, R. H., & Moos, B. S. (1974). Family Environment Scale Manual. Consulting Psychologists Press. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_999
Marôco, J. (2020). Analise Estática com o SPSS Statistics 7ed. Report Number.
Olson, D. H., Portner, J., & Lavee, Y. (1985). FACES III: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales. University of Minnesota. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychiatric-bulletin/article/family-adaptability-and-cohesion-evaluation-scale-faces-an-instrument-worthy-of-rehabilitation/4C790777D04B0409D81EB622B22E89BA
Silkstein, G. (1978). The Family APGAR: A Proposal for a Family Function Test and Its Use by Physicians. The Journal of Family Practice, 6(6), 1231–1239. https://cdn.mdedge.com/files/s3fs-public/jfp-archivedissues/1978-volume_6-7/JFP_1978-06_v6_i6_the-family-apgar-a-proposal-for-a-family.pdf
Thomas, D., Mackinnon, A. J., Bonevski, B., Abramson, M. J., Taylor, S., Poole, S. G., Weeks, G. R., Dooley, M. J., & George, J. (2016). Development and validation of a 21-item challenges to stopping smoking (CSS-21) scale. BMJ Open, 6, e 011265. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011265
Vaz, M., Cascais, P., & Lourenço, O. (2024). Use of and beliefs toward novel tobacco and nicotine products among. Portuguese university students: A pandemic survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(4), 478. https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11050595
World Health Organization. (2009). WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2009: Implementing smoke-free environments. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241563918
World Health Organization. (2019a). International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11). https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/classification-of-diseases
Wold Health Organization. (2022). Global progress report on implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/348537/9789240039322-eng.pdf?sequence=1
World Health Organization. (2023). WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240077164