Anxiety and self-efficacy in caregivers of Alzheimer patients
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: In Spain, Alzheimer’s disease is the first of degenerative diseases by number of patients, as well as the first cause of dementia in the elderly population. In a high percentage of these cases, it is the families who take care of these patients. And of these caregivers, 65% of them will suffer vital changes and a decrease in their psycho-physical health, reaching 20% to develop pictures of Burnout. Objectives: To find out the levels of anxiety and self-efficacy in caregivers of Alzheimer patients. Raising the hypothesis that there are differences in the variables under study depending on the aid, hours of dedication and seniority in care. Sample: We selected a sample of 56 caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients through the Alzheimer’s Association of Salamanca. Method: They were given a test of anxiety STAI (Spielberger) and another of self-efficacy (Sherer) and collected demographic data, daily dedication, caregiver seniority and external AIDS received. Data were tabulated and descriptive and inferential statistics were found through the SPSS. Results: The results indicate that variables such as self-efficacy and anxiety are modulated with respect to time of dedication to care, reducing anxiety and increasing self-efficacy with their duration. The same thing happens with these variables regarding the antiquity of caregiver. And according to the aid they receive, the psychologists provide more self-efficacy while medical aid gives less anxiety. Conclusions: The research hypothesis has been verified so the greater antiquity in the care facilitates to improve its anxiety and to increase the self-efficacy. Dedication time provides greater self-efficacy and less anxiety. And professional external aids are positive for the caregiver’s health, although they provide greater self- efficacy and less anxiety depending on the specialty of those who provide them.
Downloads
Article Details
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
References
American Psychiatic Association (2014). Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales DSM-5. 5ª edición. Panamericana.
Bandura, A. (1999). Autoeficacia: Cómo afrontamos los cambios de la Sociedad Actual. Bilbao: Desclée de Brouwer.
Esandi, N., Canga-Armayor, A. (2011). Familia cuidadora y enfermedad de Alzheimer: una revisión bibliogáfica, Gerokomos, 22, (2), 56-61
Jimmieson, N. L. (2000). Employee reactions to behaviural control under condictions of stress: The moderating role of self-efficacy. Work and Stress, 14 (3), 262-280.
Locke, E. A. (1970). The nature and causes of job satifaction. En M. D. Dunnette (Ed.) Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally.
López, M. J., Orueta, R., Gómez-Caro, S., Sánchez, A., Carmona, J. y Alonso, J. (2009). El rol del cuidador de personas dependientes y sus repercusiones sobre su calidad de vida y su salud. Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia, 2 (7), 332-339.
Losada, A., Montorio, I. y Márquez, M. (2005). Estudio e intervención sobre el malestar psicológico de los cuidadores de personas con demencia. El papel de los pensamientos disfuncionales. Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales.
Lucero, N., Ramos, B., Aguilar, G., y García, M. L. (2006). Perfil psicosocial del cuidador primario informal del paciente con EPOC. Revista del Instituto Nacional de Enfermeras Respiratorias, 19(4), 266-271
Manzano, G. y Ramos, F. (2000). Enfermería hospitalaria y Síndrome de Burnout. Psicología del trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 16 (2), 197- 214.
Maslach, S. E., Jackson, S. E. (1986). Manual of Maslach Burnout Inventory.California: Consulting Psychologits Press.
Martínez, F. E. (2009). Necesidades de aprendizaje del cuidador principal para el tratamiento del anciano con demencia tipo Alzheimer. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 25 (3-4), 10-19.
Pérez, M. (2008). Las intervenciones dirigidas a los cuidadores adultos mayores con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas, 7 (3), 5-7
Pérez, M., Cartaya, M. y Olano, B. (2012). Variables asociadas con la depresión y la sobrecarga que experimentan los cuidadores principales de los ancianos con Alzheimer. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 28 (2). 9-14
Pérez, M., Llibre, J. de J. (2010). Características sociodemográficas y nivel de sobrecarga de cuidadores de ancianos con Enfermedad de Alzheimer. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 26 (3), 5-7.
Ruiz de Alegría, B., De Lorenzo, E. y Basurto, S. (2006). Estrategias de afrontamiento beneficiosas para las mujeres que cuidan de un progenitor con Alzheimer. Index de Enfermería, 15 (54). 221-226.
Sánchez-Anguita, A., Pulido, M. F. y Conde, J. (2018). Self-efficacy and anxiety in female hospital heathcare workers. Ansiedad y estrés, 24,99- 104.
Sherer, M. y Maddux, J. (1982). The self-efficacy scale: construction and validatio. Psychological Reports, 51, 663-671.
Spielberger, C.D., Gorsuch, R. L. y Lushene, R. E. (1980). Manual for State- Trait Anxiety Inventory. California: Consulting Psychologits Press.
Sunk, D. H. (1984). Self-efficacy perspective on achievement behavior. Educational Research, 78, 29-34.
Zarit, S. H. (1982). Relatives of the impaired elderly: correlates of feelings of burden. Gerontologist, 20, 649-655.