Well-being and practice of physical activity by young people - Analysis of data collected during the pandemic period
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Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO), in 2018, in order to reduce the prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle, suggested the creation of environments to promote physical activity and sports (PAS) in various contexts, benefiting the general well-being of people. Numerous studies have highlighted the importance of developing PAS programs in schools, and young people have been the focus of much research during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this research was to determine relationships between data obtained in a group of young people, in order to understand which factors (individual or context of practice) may have determined the origin of behaviors more or less favorable to physical and mental well-being in this period and with repercussion on the habits of PSA. For this study, a questionnaire (Google Forms) was applied to 630 Portuguese young people (20.03 ± 2,391 years old) randomly selected. A statistical analysis (descriptive, central tendency and comparative) with SPSS – 28th version (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was performed on individual variables (age, sex, weight changes) and contextual variables (a. adherence to PAS in childhood and adolescence – before, during and after the pandemic period; b. well-being factors – body satisfaction and motivation to practice; c. self-esteem and emotional aspects). Young people revealed to have had greater adherence to PAS during childhood, with a progressive withdrawal with the advancing of age, with greater impact in the pandemic period. The perception of increased weight was one of the factors that most contributed to the search for PAS during the lockdown period. Girls adhered more to tutorials, with emphasis on those offered by Physical Education. Thus, the practice of PAS seemed to benefit aspects more related to the need to overcome stress, maintain physical fitness, control weight, and reinforce emotional aspects and self-motivation.
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