Crisis in bipolar disorder vs cognitive behavioral therapy: identification and treatment

Abstract

Bipolar Affective Disorder (BD) may significantly impact the social, professional, and family life of affected individuals. Mood instability and the occurrence of crisis episodes can generate difficulties in the work environment, in interpersonal relationships, and in daily routine, reinforcing the importance of early identification and addressing these risk factors. Objective: To identify the main risk factors for crises in Bipolar Affective Disorder, as well as the main techniques of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for controlling these crises. Methodology: Integrative review, using cataloged descriptors from Desc/Mesh, as well as indexed scientific databases. Results: As risk factors for crises in BD, childhood sexual abuse, lack of family support, cognitive dysfunction caused by the disorder, absence of psychoeducation, difficulty in adapting to medication, abusive use of chemical substances, sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances were identified. Regarding Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, techniques such as psychoeducation for patients and families, problem-solving, self-management and reflection on problems, normalization of sleep, strengthening problem-solving skills, patient autonomy in managing the condition, nutritional interventions, and well-being promotion were identified. Conclusion:
Therapeutic strategies aim not only to mitigate the symptoms of the disorder but also to promote the well-being and emotional stability of individuals impacted by BD. Controlling factors associated with increased crisis risk can aid in treatment and better crisis management.