Outdoor training as a methodology to enhance emotional intelligence in children in 1st cycle
Main Article Content
Abstract
Supported by a change of mentality, which coincides with the entry of the century, the investigations begin to question the intelligence quotient as a predominant factor in achieving social and professional success, going to defend the emotional quotient. Thus, we advocate its improvement in children and young people to equip them with differentiating competencies. Outdoor Training, which places individuals in natural settings outside their comfort zone, is shown as a methodology to better and faster learning than the traditional model. For this reason, it is being developed at this time a research project that aims to assess whether the methodology of outdoor training, used to work socio-emotional skills in executives, is also valid for working competences in children in basic education. For this, we chose an experimental study, which includes 162 students from two public schools in 1.º cycle of basic education Funchal Council, a group operating as an experimental group ( 83 students ) who participate in outdoor training activities during the academic year 2013/2014, and a control group (79 students). Children will be assessed at two points, at the beginning and end of the school year through the following instruments: the Bar -On Emotional Quotient Inventory test: Youth Version (Candeias and Rebocho, 2007), the Test of Emotional Comprehension (TEC, Ponst , Harris, and de Rosnay, 2004), the questionnaire Socially in Action (Socialmente em Acção, SA, Candeias, 2008), Social Cognitive Test Inteligência (Prueva Cognitiva de Inteligência Social, PCIS, Candeias, 2007); Raven’s progressive matrices (Simões , 2000) and the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS -2, Veiga , 2006). By now it was made the first evaluation and are being developed outdoor training activities with the experimental group. In this paper, we present some qualitative results of the developments observed in the students who are participating in these activities.
Downloads
Article Details
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
References
Cadavid, J.C., Calleja, A., Olave, T., Moreno, A., & Quiñones, A. (1999). Outdoor Training: Entrenamiento de Habilidades y Fortalecimiento de Actitudes para el Liderazgo y Trabajo en Equipo. Paipa: Funlibre Eje Cafetero.
Candeia, A. (2007). PCIS – Prova Cognitiva de Inteligência Social. Lisboa: Cegoc-Tea.
Candeias, A. (2008). Prova de Avaliação de Competência Social PACS. Manual Experimental. Lisboa: CEGOC-TEA, Lda.
Candeias, A., & Rebocho, M, (2007). Questionário de Inteligência Emocional de Bar-On (Instrumento não publicado de avaliação psicológica).
Carreras, M. (2005). La identificación de los roles de equipo en Warner Bros Park. Capital Humano, 187, 24.
Davis-Berman, J. L., & Berman, D. (1996). Using the wilderness to facilitate adjustment to college: An updated description of wilderness orientation programs. Journal of Experiential Education, 19(1), 22-28. doi: 10.1177/105382599601900104
De La Vega, I. (1999). Outdoor training: Aprendiendo en tiempo real. Capital Humano, 126, 59-62.
Galloway, S.P. (2000). Assessment in wilderness orientation programs: Efforts to improve college student retention. Journal of Experiential Education, 23 (2), 75-84. doi: 10.1177/105382590002300205
Gass, M. (1990). The longitudinal effects of an adventure orientation program on the retention of students. Journal of College Student Development, 31 (1), 33-38.
Gass, M., Garvey, D. & Sugarman, D. (2003). The long-term effects of a first-year student wilderness orientation program. Journal of Experimental Education, 26 (1), 30-40. doi: 10.1177/105382590302600106
Goleman, D. (1995). Inteligência Emocional. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva.
Hinton, J. L., Twilley, D. L., & Mittelstaedt, R. D. (2007). An investigation of self-efficacy in a freshman wilderness experience program. Research in Outdoor Education, 8, 105-118.
Itin, C. (1999). Reasserting the philosophy of experiential education as a vehicle for change in the 21 century. Journal of experiential Education, 22(2), 91-98. doi: 10.1177/105382599902200206
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Lantieri, L. (2008). Inteligencia emocional infantil y juvenil. Madrid: Aguilar
Molina, J. (2011). Gestalentum, desarrollo de competencias emocionales en alumnus universitarios bajo la metodología de formación «Outdoor Training». (Tesis doctoral). Universidad de Málaga, Malaga.
Pons, F., Harris, P. L., & Rosnay, M. (2004) Emotion comprehension between 3 and 11 years: Developmental periods and hierarchical organization. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 1, 127-151. doi: 10.1080/17405620344000022
Priest, S. (1990). The semantics of adventure education. In J. C. Miles & S. Priest (Eds.), Adventure Education. State College, PA: Venture.
Priest, S. (2001). A program evaluation Primer. The Journal of experiential education, 24 (1), 34-40. doi: 10.1177/105382590102400108
Reinoso, M. (2009). Outdoor Training y la Educación en Valores. Sevilla: Wanceulen Editorial Deportiva, S.L.
Roazzi, A., Dias, M., Minervino, C., Roazzi, M., & Pons, F. (2008). Compreensão das emoções em crianças: estudo transcultural sobre a validação do teste de compreensão da emoção TEC (testo f emotion comprehension). In A. Noronha, C. Machado, L. Almeida, M. Gonçalves, S. Martins, & V. Ramalho (Coor.), Actas da XIII Conferência Internacional Avaliação Psicológica: Formas e Contextos (CD). Braga: Psiquilibrios.
Santos, M.A. (2012). Outdoor Training como metodologia para mejorar la inteligência emocional de niños y jovenes (Disertación de doctorado). Universidad de Malaga, Malaga.
Simões, M. (2000). Investigações no âmbito da aferição nacional do teste das matrizes progressivas coloridas de Raven (MPCR). Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.
Veiga, F.H. (2006). Uma nova versão da escala de autoconceito Piers-Harris Children0s Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS-2). Psicologia e Educação, 1 (1), 39-48.
Wielens, A., Shirilla, P., & Gass, M. (2006, November). Social skill development in residential oudoor education programming. Paper presented at the Sympossium on Experiential Education Research (SEER), St. Paul, Minnesota.