Ejercicio físico como herramienta para el tratamiento de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

Contenuto principale dell'articolo

Sofía Mª Martínez Sánchez
Diego Munguía-Izquierdo

Abstract

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) engloban aquellas patologías en las que la obsesión por la delgadez y el miedo a la obesidad condicionan la aparición de un patrón de alimentación inadecuado y de conductas patológicas ligadas al control del peso. El ejercicio ha sido históricamente considerado como uno de los síntomas en esta enfermedad, y por ello se ha excluido como tratamiento en estos pacientes. Dentro de los TCA, podemos observar un comportamiento problemático al ejercicio (ejercicio compulsivo) y no necesariamente se da en todos los pacientes que sufren esta patología. Hay evidencia de que la participación en programas de ejercicios estructurados y supervisados (ejercicios de alta intensidad o yoga) puede ser de gran utilidad en esta población clínica, ya que reduce la psicopatología, mejora la fuerza muscular, la calidad de vida, el bienestar psicológico y facilita el cumplimiento y la adherencia al tratamiento.

Downloads

I dati di download non sono ancora disponibili.

Dettagli dell'articolo

Come citare
Martínez Sánchez, S. M., & Munguía-Izquierdo, D. (2017). Ejercicio físico como herramienta para el tratamiento de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Revista INFAD De Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology., 4(1), 339–350. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v4.1062
Sezione
Artículos
Biografie autore

Sofía Mª Martínez Sánchez, Universidad Pablo de Olavide.

Doctoranda del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Pablo de Olavide,

Diego Munguía-Izquierdo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide.

Departmento de Deporte e Informática, Área de Educación física y Deportiva, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad Pablo de Olavide.

Riferimenti bibliografici

Achamrah, N., Coeffier, M., and Dechelotte, P. (2016). Physical activity in patients with anorexia nervosa. Nutr Rev, 74(5), 301-311. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw001

Alvarez-Malé, M., Bautista Castaño, I., and Serra Majem, L. (2015). Prevalencia de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en adolescentes de Gran Canaria. Nutr Hosp., 31(5), 2283-2288.

Bardone-Cone, A. M., Higgins, M. K., St George, S. M., Rosenzweig, I., Schaefer, L. M., Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., . . . Preston, B. F. (2016). Behavioral and psychological aspects of exercise across stages of eating disorder recovery. Eat Disord, 24(5), 424-439. doi:10.1080/10640266.2016.1207452

Belak, L., Gianini, L., Klein, D. A., Sazonov, E., Keegan, K., Neustadt, E., . . . Attia, E. (2017). Measurement of fidgeting in patients with anorexia nervosa using a novel shoe-based monitor. Eat Behav, 24, 45-48. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.11.005

Blachno, M., Brynska, A., Tomaszewicz-Libudzic, C., Jagielska, G., Srebnicki, T., Wisniewski, A., and Wolanczyk, T. (2016). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and physical activity in patients with anorexia nervosa - possible relationships. Psychiatr Pol, 50(1), 55-64. doi:10.12740/pp/34810

Bratland-Sanda, S., Rosenvinge, J. H., Vrabel, K. A., Norring, C., Sundgot-Borgen, J., Ro, O., and Martinsen, E. W. (2009). Physical activity in treatment units for eating disorders: clinical practice and attitudes. Eat Weight Disord, 14(2-3), e106-112.

Bratland-Sanda, S., Sundgot-Borgen, J., Ro, O., Rosenvinge, J. H., Hoffart, A., and Martinsen, E. W. (2010). Physical activity and exercise dependence during inpatient treatment of longstanding eating disorders: an exploratory study of excessive and non-excessive exercisers. Int J Eat Disord, 43(3), 266-273. doi:10.1002/eat.20769

Carei, T. R., Fyfe-Johnson, A. L., Breuner, C. C., and Brown, M. A. (2010). Randomized controlled clinical trial of yoga in the treatment of eating disorders. J Adolesc Health, 46(4), 346-351. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.08.007

Carter, J. C., Blackmore, E., Sutandar-Pinnock, K., and Woodside, D. B. (2004). Relapse in anorexia nervosa: a survival analysis. Psychol Med, 34(4), 671-679. doi:10.1017/S0033291703001168

Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., and Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep, 100(2), 126-131.

Cook, B., Engel, S., Crosby, R., Hausenblas, H., Wonderlich, S., and Mitchell, J. (2014). Pathological motivations for exercise and eating disorder specific health-related quality of life. Int J Eat Disord, 47(3), 268-272. doi:10.1002/eat.22198

Cook, B. J., Steffen, K. J., Mitchell, J. E., Otto, M., Crosby, R. D., Cao, L., . . . Powers, P. (2015). A pilot study examining diagnostic differences among exercise and weight suppression in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Eur Eat Disord Rev, 23(3), 241-245. doi:10.1002/erv.2350

Cook, B. J., Wonderlich, S. A., Mitchell, J. E., Thompson, R., Sherman, R., and McCallum, K. (2016). Exercise in Eating Disorders Treatment: Systematic Review and Proposal of Guidelines. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 48(7), 1408-1414. doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000912

Cunningham, H. E., Pearman, S., 3rd, and Brewerton, T. D. (2016). Conceptualizing primary and secondary pathological exercise using available measures of excessive exercise. Int J Eat Disord, 49(8), 778-792. doi:10.1002/eat.22551

Danielsen, M., Ro, O., Romild, U., and Bjornelv, S. (2016). Impact of female adult eating disorder inpatients’ attitudes to compulsive exercise on outcome at discharge and follow-up. J Eat Disord, 4, 7. doi:10.1186/s40337-016-0096-0

Davis, H. A., Guller, L., and Smith, G. T. (2016). Developmental trajectories of compensatory exercise and fasting behavior across the middle school years. Appetite, 107, 330-338. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.098

del Valle, M. F., Pérez, M., Santana-Sosa, E., Fiuza-Luces, C., Bustamante-Ara, N., Gallardo, C., . . . Lucía, A. (2010). Does resistance training improve the functional capacity and well being of very young anorexic patients? A randomized controlled trial. J Adolesc Health, 46(4), 352-358. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.09.001

DiVasta, A. D., Feldman, H. A., O’Donnell, J. M., Long, J., Leonard, M. B., and Gordon, C. M. (2017). Effect of Exercise and Antidepressants on Skeletal Outcomes in Adolescent Girls With Anorexia Nervosa. J Adolesc Health, 60(2), 229-232. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.003

Egan, S. J., Bodill, K., Watson, H. J., Valentine, E., Shu, C., and Hagger, M. S. (2017). Compulsive exercise as a mediator between clinical perfectionism and eating pathology. Eat Behav, 24, 11-16. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.11.001

El Ghoch, M., Calugi, S., Pellegrini, M., Chignola, E., and Dalle Grave, R. (2016). Physical activity, body weight, and resumption of menses in anorexia nervosa. Psychiatry Res, 246, 507-511. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.043

El Ghoch, M., Calugi, S., Pellegrini, M., Milanese, C., Busacchi, M., Battistini, N. C., . . . Dalle Grave, R. (2013). Measured physical activity in anorexia nervosa: features and treatment outcome. Int J Eat Disord, 46(7), 709-712. doi:10.1002/eat.22140

El Ghoch, M., Soave, F., Calugi, S., and Dalle Grave, R. (2013). Eating disorders, physical fitness and sport performance: a systematic review. Nutrients, 5(12), 5140-5160. doi:10.3390/nu5125140

Fernandez-del-Valle, M., Larumbe-Zabala, E., Graell-Berna, M., and Perez-Ruiz, M. (2015). Anthropometric changes in adolescents with anorexia nervosa in response to resistance training. Eat Weight Disord, 20(3), 311-317. doi:10.1007/s40519-015-0181-4

Fernandez-del-Valle, M., Larumbe-Zabala, E., Morande-Lavin, G., and Perez Ruiz, M. (2016). Muscle function and body composition profile in adolescents with restrictive anorexia nervosa: does resistance training help? Disabil Rehabil, 38(4), 346-353. doi:10.3109/09638288.2015.1041612

Fernandez-del-Valle, M., Larumbe-Zabala, E., Villaseñor-Montarroso, A., Cardona Gonzalez, C., Diez-Vega, I., Lopez Mojares, L. M., and Perez Ruiz, M. (2014). Resistance training enhances muscular performance in patients with anorexia nervosa: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Eat Disord, 47(6), 601-609. doi:10.1002/eat.22251

García-Camba, E. (2010). Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en el momento actual. In E. García-Camba (Ed.), Avances en trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Anorexia nerviosa, bulimia nerviosa, obesidad (pp. 3-29). Barcelona: Masson.

Gianini, L. M., Klein, D. A., Call, C., Walsh, B. T., Wang, Y., Wu, P., and Attia, E. (2016). Physical activity and post-treatment weight trajectory in anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord, 49(5), 482-489. doi:10.1002/eat.22495

Goodwin, H., Haycraft, E., and Meyer, C. (2016). Disordered Eating, Compulsive Exercise, and Sport Participation in a UK Adolescent Sample. Eur Eat Disord Rev, 24(4), 304-309. doi:10.1002/erv.2441

Gummer, R., Giel, K. E., Schag, K., Resmark, G., Junne, F. P., Becker, S., . . . Teufel, M. (2015). High Levels of Physical Activity in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review. Eur Eat Disord Rev, 23(5), 333-344. doi:10.1002/erv.2377

Gómez-Martínez, S., Nova Rebato, E., Veses, Alcobendas, A., Gheorghe, A., and Marcos Sánchez, A. (2012). Nutrición y trastornos del comportamiento alimentario. In A. Carbajal Azcona (Ed.), Manual práctico de nutrición y salud (pp. 284-293). Madrid: Exlibris.

Hall, A., Ofei-Tenkorang, N. A., Machan, J. T., and Gordon, C. M. (2016). Use of yoga in outpatient eating disorder treatment: a pilot study. J Eat Disord, 4, 38. doi:10.1186/s40337-016-0130-2

Keyes, A., Woerwag-Mehta, S., Bartholdy, S., Koskina, A., Middleton, B., Connan, F., . . . Campbell, I. C. (2015). Physical activity and the drive to exercise in anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord, 48(1), 46-54. doi:10.1002/eat.22354

Klein, J., and Cook-Cottone, C. (2013). The effects of yoga on eating disorder symptoms and correlates: a review. Int J Yoga Therap(23), 41-50.

Mansson, J., Parling, T., and Swenne, I. (2016). Favorable effects of clearly defined interventions by parents at the start of treatment of adolescents with restrictive eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord, 49(1), 92-97. doi:10.1002/eat.22379

Martin, S. P., Bachrach, L. K., and Golden, N. H. (2017). Controlled Pilot Study of High-Impact Low-Frequency Exercise on Bone Loss and Vital-Sign Stabilization in Adolescents With Eating Disorders. J Adolesc Health, 60(1), 33-37. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.08.028

McIver, S., O’Halloran, P., and McGartland, M. (2009). Yoga as a treatment for binge eating disorder: a preliminary study. Complement Ther Med, 17(4), 196-202. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2009.05.002

Meyer, C., Plateau, C. R., Taranis, L., Brewin, N., Wales, J., and Arcelus, J. (2016). The Compulsive Exercise Test: confirmatory factor analysis and links with eating psychopathology among women with clinical eating disorders. J Eat Disord, 4, 22. doi:10.1186/s40337-016-0113-3

Moola, F. J., Gairdner, S. E., and Amara, C. E. (2013). Exercise in the care of patients with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review of the literature. Ment Health Phys Act, 6(2), 59-68. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.04.002

Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2014). Yoga and eating disorders: is there a place for yoga in the prevention and treatment of eating disorders and disordered eating behaviours? Adv Eat Disord, 2(2), 136-145. doi:10.1080/21662630.2013.862369

Ng, L. W., Ng, D. P., and Wong, W. P. (2013). Is supervised exercise training safe in patients with anorexia nervosa? A meta-analysis. Physiotherapy, 99(1), 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2012.05.006

Noetel, M., Dawson, L., Hay, P., and Touyz, S. (2017). The assessment and treatment of unhealthy exercise in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A Delphi study to synthesize clinical knowledge. Int J Eat Disord. doi:10.1002/eat.22657

Noetel, M., Miskovic-Wheatley, J., Crosby, R. D., Hay, P., Madden, S., and Touyz, S. (2016). A clinical profile of compulsive exercise in adolescent inpatients with anorexia nervosa. J Eat Disord, 4, 1. doi:10.1186/s40337-016-0090-6

Pacanowski, C. R., Diers, L., Crosby, R. D., and Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2017). Yoga in the treatment of eating disorders within a residential program: A randomized controlled trial. Eat Disord, 25(1), 37-51. doi:10.1080/10640266.2016.1237810

Rizk, M., Lalanne, C., Berthoz, S., Kern, L., and Godart, N. (2015). Problematic Exercise in Anorexia Nervosa: Testing Potential Risk Factors against Different Definitions. PLoS One, 10(11), e0143352. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143352

Santiago Fernández, M., Bolaños Ríos, P., and Jáuregui Lobera, I. (2010). Anemias nutricionales en los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Rev Esp Nutr Comunitaria, 16(4), 187-193.

Sauchelli, S., Arcelus, J., Granero, R., Jimenez-Murcia, S., Aguera, Z., Del Pino-Gutierrez, A., and Fernandez-Aranda, F. (2016). Dimensions of Compulsive Exercise across Eating Disorder Diagnostic Subtypes and the Validation of the Spanish Version of the Compulsive Exercise Test. Front Psychol, 7, 1852. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01852

Sauchelli, S., Arcelus, J., Sanchez, I., Riesco, N., Jimenez-Murcia, S., Granero, R., . . . Fernandez-Aranda, F. (2015). Physical activity in anorexia nervosa: How relevant is it to therapy response? Eur Psychiatry, 30(8), 924-931. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.008

Schlegel, S., Hartmann, A., Fuchs, R., and Zeeck, A. (2015). The Freiburg sport therapy program for eating disordered outpatients: a pilot study. Eat Weight Disord, 20(3), 319-327. doi:10.1007/s40519-015-0182-3

Shu, C. Y., Limburg, K., Harris, C., McCormack, J., Hoiles, K. J., Hamilton, M. J., and Watson, H. J. (2015). Clinical presentation of eating disorders in young males at a tertiary setting. J Eat Disord, 3, 39. doi:10.1186/s40337-015-0075-x

Soundy, A., Stubbs, B., Probst, M., Gyllensten, A. L., Skjaerven, L. H., Catalan-Matamoros, D., and Vancampfort, D. (2016). Considering the Role of Physical Therapists Within the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Individuals With Eating Disorders: An International Survey of Expert Clinicians. Physiother Res Int, 21(4), 237-246. doi:10.1002/pri.1637

Sternheim, L., Danner, U., Adan, R., and van Elburg, A. (2015). Drive for activity in patients with anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord, 48(1), 42-45. doi:10.1002/eat.22272

Stiles-Shields, C., DclinPsy, B. B., Lock, J., and Le Grange, D. (2015). The effect of driven exercise on treatment outcomes for adolescents with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord, 48(4), 392-396. doi:10.1002/eat.22281

Swenne, I. (2016). Evaluation of the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) in Adolescents with Eating Disorders: Factor Structure and Relation to Eating Disordered Psychopathology. Eur Eat Disord Rev, 24(4), 334-340. doi:10.1002/erv.2439

Vancampfort, D., Vanderlinden, J., De Hert, M., Soundy, A., Adámkova, M., Skjaerven, L. H., . . . Probst, M. (2014). A systematic review of physical therapy interventions for patients with anorexia and bulemia nervosa. Disabil Rehabil, 36(8), 628-634. doi:10.3109/09638288.2013.808271

Vander Wal, J. S., Maraldo, T. M., Vercellone, A. C., and Gagne, D. A. (2015). Education, progressive muscle relaxation therapy, and exercise for the treatment of night eating syndrome. A pilot study. Appetite, 89, 136-144. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.01.024

Vansteelandt, K., Rijmen, F., Pieters, G., Probst, M., and Vanderlinden, J. (2007). Drive for thinness, affect regulation and physical activity in eating disorders: a daily life study. Behav Res Ther, 45(8), 1717-1734. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.12.005

Wales, J., Brewin, N., Cashmore, R., Haycraft, E., Baggott, J., Cooper, A., and Arcelus, J. (2016). Predictors of Positive Treatment Outcome in People With Anorexia Nervosa Treated in a Specialized Inpatient Unit: The Role of Early Response to Treatment. Eur Eat Disord Rev, 24(5), 417-424. doi:10.1002/erv.2443

Young, S., Touyz, S., Meyer, C., Arcelus, J., Rhodes, P., Madden, S., . . . Hay, P. (2016). Validity of Exercise Measures in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa: The EDE, Compulsive Exercise Test and Other Self-Report Scales. Int J Eat Disord. doi:10.1002/eat.22633

Zipfel, S., Mack, I., Baur, L. A., Hebebrand, J., Touyz, S., Herzog, W., . . . Russell, J. (2013). Impact of exercise on energy metabolism in anorexia nervosa. J Eat Disord, 1(1), 37. doi:10.1186/2050-2974-1-37