Fortalezas y virtudes personales, felicidad subjetiva, sentido del humor y personalidad. Análisis según el país y género de los docentes

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Lucía Herrera Torres
Teresa María Perandones González

Resumo

Las variables personales de los docentes, desde la perspectiva de la Psicología Positiva, son de especial relevancia en el ámbito educativo. Al respecto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar las fortalezas y virtudes personales, felicidad subjetiva, sentido del humor y personalidad de los docentes en función del país de origen (España y República Dominicana) y el género. Formaron parte del estudio 454 docentes de las diferentes etapas educativas, 76.9 % de España y 23.1% de República Dominicana. En función del género, 156 eran hombres (34.4 %) y 298 mujeres (65.6 %). La edad mínima fue de 19 y la máxima de 66 (Edad media = 40.04 años, DT = 10.51). Para la recogida de información se emplearon los siguientes instrumentos: Valores en Acción Inventario de Fortalezas (VIA-IS), Escala de Felicidad Subjetiva (SHS), Escala Multidimensional del Sentido del Humor (MSHS) e Inventario de Personalidad de los Cinco Factores (BFI-10). Se hallaron diferencias en función del país y el género. Al respecto, los docentes de República Dominicana puntuaron más alto que los de España en fortalezas y virtudes personales, felicidad subjetiva, sentido del humor y en el factor de personalidad Apertura a nuevas experiencias. Los docentes españoles, por su parte, puntuaron más alto en el factor de personalidad Neuroticismo. En función del género, las mujeres alcanzaron valores más altos en la escala Humanidad del VIAIS, en la felicidad subjetiva y en el factor de personalidad Extroversión. Se discute la relevancia del estudio de los constructos psicológicos analizados en los docentes, dado que implican procesos cognitivos, afectivos y motivacionales conducentes a un desempeño exitoso. Igualmente, las diferencias culturales entre los dos países de comparación y en función del género. Se estable la necesidad de llevar a cabo estudios transculturales, así como profundizar en los estudios de género.

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Herrera Torres, L., & Perandones González, T. M. (2021). Fortalezas y virtudes personales, felicidad subjetiva, sentido del humor y personalidad. Análisis según el país y género de los docentes. Revista INFAD De Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology., 1(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2021.n2.v1.2161
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