Controlo da fadiga associada à doença oncológica através de programas de exercício físico: uma scoping review
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Objectivo: Determinar a efetividade das intervenções de enfermagem baseadas no exercício na redução da fadiga associada à doença oncológica. Métodos: Realizada uma scoping review, recorrendo às bases de dados PubMed, CINHAL complete, BVS, Scielo e ao motor de busca google académico. Os estudos eram incluídos se fossem publicados nos últimos 10 anos, em português, inglês ou espanhol e que se referissem a intervenções baseadas no exercício, com impacto na fadiga associada à doença oncológica, implementadas exclusivamente por enfermeiros. O corpus ficou constituído por 11 artigos. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o exercício, durante ou após os tratamentos oncológicos, pode reduzir os efeitos da fadiga na pessoa com diferentes diagnósticos de cancro. Os vários programas de exercício testados incluem o treino aeróbio, de resistência e/ou estiramento muscular, que diferem na sua duração, frequência, intensidade e grau de supervisão. Conclusões: Os enfermeiros podem desenvolver a sua prática na educação da pessoa com doença oncológica para os benéficos do exercício no controlo da fadiga, mas podem ainda desenvolver e supervisionar programas baseados no exercício, integrados numa equipa multidisciplinar, de forma a obterem os melhores resultados possíveis para esta população específica.
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