Prevalence of school refusal across sex and grade in Ecuadorian adolescents

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Published: Dec 21, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2019.n2.v1.1708
Keywords:
school refusal prevalence sex grade adolescence

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Carlos Manuel Calderón Guevara
Universidad Central de Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-3733
Aitana Fernández Sogorb
Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2709-1099
María del Pilar Aparicio Flores
Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-4877
José Manuel García Fernández
Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-064X

Abstract

Prevalence of school refusal is difficult to determine due to the discrepancy in the definition of the construct and the lack of national information. In this sense, the present study aimed to analyze the differences in prevalence of school refusal, understood as the resistance to go to school or to remain in it, across sex and grade. The sample consisted of 1,786 Ecuadorian students aged between 15 and 18 years (Mage = 16.31; SD = 1.01). The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-RC) was used, whose factors assess the avoidance of stimuli that provoke negative affectivity (Factor I), the escape from social aversion and/or evaluative situations (Factor II), the pursuit of attention from significant others (Factor III), and the pursuit of tangible reinforcement outside of school (Factor IV). The Z test for difference in proportions was used to establish whether there were differences between the percentage of students classified with high school refusal behavior across sex and grade. The proportion of girls was significantly higher in Factor I, while the percentage of boys was significantly higher in Factor IV. Significant differences across grade were found in Factor I between first and third grade and between second and third grade of baccalaureate, and in Factor IV between first and third grade. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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How to Cite
Calderón Guevara, C. M., Fernández Sogorb, A., Aparicio Flores, M. del P., & García Fernández, J. M. (2019). Prevalence of school refusal across sex and grade in Ecuadorian adolescents. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD De Psicología., 1(2), 383–392. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2019.n2.v1.1708
Issue
Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): PSYCHOLOGY, CHILDHOOD AND EDUCATION
Section
Articles
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Author Biographies

Carlos Manuel Calderón Guevara, Universidad Central de Ecuador

Universidad Central de Ecuador

Aitana Fernández Sogorb, Universidad de Alicante

Universidad de Alicante

María del Pilar Aparicio Flores, Universidad de Alicante

Universidad de Alicante

José Manuel García Fernández, Universidad de Alicante

Universidad de Alicante

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